FERDINAND EMMANUEL EDRALIN MARCOS, SR. ( September 11, 1917 – September 28, 1989 )

 (September 11, 1917 – September 28, 1989), was aFilipino dictator who held the title of President of the Philippines from 1965 to 1986.  

ECONOMICS

•           Philippine relation with the ASEAN Members
•           Seek  closer identification with the third world. To support Arab countries.
•           Created government agencies such as Overseas Employment Development Board , National Seamen Board, Public Employment Office, National Manpower and Youth Council and the Bureau of Apprenticeship.

HEALTH

•           Extended tax amnesty for improvement of Manila's drainage, hospitals and home for the aged .
•           Constructed Philippine Heart Center Lung Center of the Philippines.

EDUCATION

•           Educational Reforms Marcos believed that  education was a very important role towards the goal of the "NEW SOCIETY" . President Marcos vowed that his administration  "shall educate our children, our men and women, and us." Education Development Decree of 1972 - defines a more responsive role for the education system.

PEACE & ORDER

•           Proclaimation 
•           No. 1081 - Ordering Sec. of National Defense to arrest and detain person who committed crimes and offenses.
•           Martial Law - curfew was enforced strictly.
•           Poured millions of pesos into the Muslim areas to show his good intentions.

DIOSDADO PANGAN MACAPAGAL ( September 28, 1910 – April 21, 1997 )

 (September 28, 1910 – April 21, 1997) was the ninth President of the Philippines, serving from 1961 to 1965, and the sixth Vice President, serving from 1957 to 1961.  

ECONOMIC

•            Decontrol the sale of foreign exchange and to stabilize the peso against the American dollar.
•            Established Philippine Veterans Bank 
•            National Cottage Industry was put into place.
•            Disseminated IRRI with the propagation of Miracle rice.
•            Proposed the organization of MPHILDO

HEALTH

•           The Rice and Corn program - concentrate our efforts to raise agricultural productivity throughout all the regions in the country in order to achieve self - sufficiency in food production.
•           The public health program shall include expansion of health services in rural areas , water supply, reduction of infant Mortality, tuberculosis and malaria control, establishment of medical research centers, and nutrition research.

EDUCATION

•           Government can provide a total outlay of P656.6 million for public education.  The establishment and financing of a moral Commission composed of outstanding and upright leaders in government, religion, education and the professions.  This Commission shall study and recommend ways and means by which all elements and institutions of the country may be mobilized towards the goal of national moral regeneration.

PEACE & ORDER

•           Helped to promote world peace by acting  as mediator in settling dispute between US and Cambodia.
•           Proclaimed Independence Day in 6/12/1898.

 

RAMON DEL FIERRO MAGSAYSAY ( August 31, 1907 – March 17, 1957 )

 (August 31, 1907 – March 17, 1957) was the third President of the Republic of the Philippines (and seventh president overall) from December 30, 1953 until his death in a plane crash in 1957.

ECONOMIC

•           Created Agricultural Tenancy Commission, National Resettlement and Rehabilitation, Administration, Community Development Planning Council and Agricultural Credit and Cooperative Financing Asministration.
•           SEATO and Laurel - Langley Agreement were negotiated.

HEALTH

•           Establishment of Rural Health Centers  in town with Doctors, nurse , midwife and a jeep.
•           Doctors and Nurses were paid with better salaries.
  

EDUCATION

•           Legacy of providing education to the less privileged Filipino youth, through a scholarship grant.  He was a staunch advocate of knowledge to the very end. On March 16, 1957, President Magsaysay left Manila for Cebu City where he spoke at three educational institutions.
  
  
  

PEACE & ORDER

•           To every HUK who surrendered , he pledged amnesty, restored citizenship and provided job.
•           Created Presidential Complaints and Action Committee.

ELPIDIO RIVERA QUIRINO ( Nov. 16, 1890 - Feb. 29, 1956 )

 (November 16, 1890 – February 29, 1956) was a Filipino politician, and the sixth President of the Philippines. 

ECONOMIC

•           Formed the Agricultural Cooperatives Financing Administration
•           Created Farmers Cooperative Marketing Association
•           Set a new tax policy which increased the tariff rates in order to protect the local economic industry against unfair foreign competition.
•           Established the Central Bank of the Philippines to stabilize the Philippine Currency / Established the Presidential Action Committee on Social Amelioration.
•           Attempted to negotiiate with the Huks , particularly with Ka Luis Taruc.

HEALTH

          Presidential Quirino officially made public a seven - point program for social security

•           Old - age insurance 
•           Accident and permanent disability insurance
•           Maternity insurance  

EDUCATION

•          Reorganization of the Department of Education emphasized the necessity of giving more impetus to vocational training .  By a proper revision of our educational laws, coupled with adequate funds and adjustment in the curriculum , our millions of students in our public schools alone could be made to produce many of the things that we need today and not wait for the full development of their potentiality.

PEACE & ORDER

•           The 1951 budget included the use of a residue fund for the land resettlement program in favor og the surrendered HUKS.
•           Armed Forces of the  Philippines, the military were made to undergo reorganization.  Battalion combats teams of one thousand men each were established.
•           New army units were also established , such was the first Airborne Unit, the Scout Rangers , the Canine Unit, and Cavalry Unit.

 

MANUEL ACUNA ROXAS ( January 1, 1892 - April 15, 1948 )

(January 1, 1892 – April 15, 1948) was the first president of the independent Third Republic of the Philippines and fifth president overall.

ECONOMIC

•           Establishment of the Rehabilitation Finance Corporation .
•           Central Bank and National Power Corporation has been created .
•           Passed the Philippine Trade Act also known as Bell Trade Act.
•           Initiated Tenancy act.

HEALTH

•           Philippine War Damaged Commission was prioritized the use of the funds on expenditures for health , waterworks , and education and public buildings.

EDUCATION

•           The reconstruction of the damaged school buildings alone cost more than Php 126,000,000.

PEACE AND ORDER

•           The Philippines entered into negotiations with the US for the national security issue.
•           Clark air base and Subic Bay Naval Base exchanged for Military aid.
•           Roxas proclaimed a general amnesty for guerillas. 

SERGIO OSMENIA Y SUICO ( 9 September 1878 - 19 October 1961 )

( 9 September 1878 - 19 October 1961 ) was a Filipino politician who served as the fourth President of the Philippines from 1944 to 1946.

ECONOMIC

•           Domestic Policies such as : Restoration of the Commonwealth , Government Reorganization , Rehabilitation of the Philippine National Bank , People's Court
•           Foreign Policies such as : United Nations Charter , Foreign Relation Office , International Banking , Bell Trade Act.
  

HEALTH

•           During his administration , the secretary of health and Public Welfare Basilio Valdez 1945 , Jose Locsin 1945 - 1946 .

EDUCATION

•           During his administration , the secretary of the department of education was Francisco Benitez.

PEACE & ORDER

•           Peace & order function was placed under the Military Police Command of the Philippine Army.
•           By early 1914 , 35 provinces has been turned over to the Commonwealth government . 

   

JOSIE PACIANO LAUREL Y GARCIA (March 9, 1891 - Nov. 6, 1959)

José Paciano Laurel y García (March 9, 1891 – November 6, 1959) was the president of the Republic of the Philippines, a japanese - sponsored administration during World War II, from 1943 to 1945.

ECONOMIC

•          During Laurel'stenure as President, hunger was the main worry.  Prices of essential commodities rose to unprecedented heights.  The government exerted every effort to increase production and bring consumers' goods under control.
•          He abolished nonperforming offices and created Ministry of foreign affairs and Ministry of Economic affairs.
•          Created Economics Planning Board to formulate plans for Philippine economy.

HEALTH

•         Reorganizing the rice control agencies 
•         Giving farmers more recognitions : Farmers day 1119
•         Increasing food production 
•         Depopulating Manila
•         Research Advisory Board was organized to develop local medicine and food. 

EDUCATION 

•           Create National Education Board to chart out new.  more nationalistically - oriented and relevant educational programs and curricula.

PEACE AND ORDER

•           Laurel offered the hand of friendship and forgiveness
•           Declared general amnesty to all the guerillas and other who commited crimes in political nature.
•           Guerillas was urged to take an oath of allegiance to the government.